NSF: Cognitive Neuroscience CogNeuro
https://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=5316&org=NSF

Applications due in August and February

Cognitive neuroscience is an interdisciplinary field of research to understand the neural basis of human cognition. The cognitive neurosciences program therefore seeks to fund highly innovative proposals that employ brain-based measurements in order to advance our understanding of the neural systems that mediate cognitive processes. Human cognitive science encompasses a wide range of topics, including attention, learning, memory, decision-making, language, social cognition, and emotions. Proposals will be considered that investigate a particular cognitive process using human brain data. 

Proposals focused on behavioral, clinical or molecular mechanisms will not be considered for this program.